Q & A

Early Shabbos

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How early can one make an early Shabbos?

  1. Vilna Gaon and Levush: after plag ha'mincha, which in their opinion, is one & a quarter halachic hours before sunset. In this view, a halachic hour is calculated as one twelfth of the time-span between sunrise & sunset.
  2. Shulchan Aruch & Magen Avrohom: after plag ha'mincha which they maintain is 1 &
    a quarter halachic hours before tzes ha'kochavim (nightfall). In their opinion, a halacahic
    hour is 1 twelfth of the time-span between alos ha'chama (dawn) & tzeis ha'kochavim
    (night fall).
  3. Rav Eliezer Mi’metz: 2 hours before tzeis ha'kochavim. (See Mishnah Berurah, Beiur
    Halacha 263, s.v.Kodem). He reasons that just as we find that certain laws of Shemita
    begin a month (a twelfth of a year) before Rosh Hashanah, so too Shabbos can begin
    12 hours (a twelfth of a day) early (see Darkei Moshe OC 261:1).

How does early Shabbos work?
How can I make Kiddush
if it is still Friday afternoon?

There are three explanations why kiddush can be recited Friday afternoon,
after accepting an early Shabbos:

When I make early Shabbos, I sometimes return home
from shul
a few minutes before shkia (sunset).
Is there any issue with starting a meal at this time?

How can I make an early Shabbas?
Doesn't Ma'ariv need to take place after sunset?

Why is it acceptable to Daven Ma'ariv before shkia on Erev Shabbos?

Many congregations will make early Shabbos in the following manner:
Mincha is davened after plag & Ma'ariv is davened before shkia.
Isn’t this a direct contradiction?
halacha is that during the week

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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